Market analysis of ball and roller bearings in India
The relevance of research
Bearing (from “under the spike”) is an assembly unit that is part of a support or stop and supports a shaft, axle or other movable structure with a given rigidity. It fixes the position in space, provides rotation, rolling with the least resistance, perceives and transfers the load from the movable unit to other parts of the structure. Bearings are used in the metallurgical industry, mechanical engineering, machine tool building and other industries
Purpose of the study
Analysis of the state of the market for ball and roller bearings, assessment of the market size, analysis of competitors, as well as identification of factors affecting the market of ball and roller bearings
Content
Part 1. Overview of the Indian market of ball and roller bearings
1.1. Main characteristics of the market
1.2. Dynamics of the market volume of ball and roller bearings 2014-2018 Potential market capacity
1.3. Assessment of factors affecting the market
1.4. Life cycle stage of the ball and roller bearing market
1.5. Competition from substitute products
Part 2: Competitive Analysis in the Ball and Roller Bearing Market
2.1. Major players in the market
2.2. Market shares of the largest competitors
2.3. Profiles of major players
Part 3. Analysis of the production of ball and roller bearings
3.1. Volume and dynamics of domestic production of ball and roller bearings
3.2. Share of exports in the production of ball and roller bearings
3.3. Segmentation of the production of ball and roller bearings by region
3.3.1. Production by Union Territories
3.3.2. Production by states of India
Part 4. Analysis of foreign trade supplies of ball and roller bearings
4.1. The volume and dynamics of imports of ball and roller bearings
4.2. Import structure
4.3. The volume and dynamics of exports of ball and roller bearings
4.4. Export structure
Part 5. Consumption analysis of ball and roller bearings
5.1. Dynamics of consumption of ball and roller bearings
5.2. Analysis of the results of tenders for the purchase
Part 6. Price Analysis
6.1. Average producer prices by union territories
6.2. Average consumer prices by states in India
Part 7. Assessment of factors of investment attractiveness of the market
Part 8. Market forecast for ball and roller bearings until 2023
Part 9. Recommendations and conclusions
Research excerpt
Part 1. Overview of the Indian market of ball and roller bearings
1.1. Main characteristics of the market
Bearing (from “under the spike”) is an assembly unit that is part of a support or stop and supports a shaft, axle or other movable structure with a given rigidity. It fixes the position in space, provides rotation, rolling with the least resistance, perceives and transfers the load from the movable unit to other parts of the structure.
The operation of this device everywhere began more than a century ago, when there was a world jump in the growth of industrialization. In the late 1800s, bearings were used in the metallurgical industry, mechanical engineering, machine tool building and other industries. To date, these parts are an integral part of the following industries:
- Petrochemical industry. Here, bearings are used for reciprocating blowers, compressors, all kinds of pumps for pumping chemical compositions, as well as in many other units designed for oil production.
- Mining production. In the equipment of this industry, special bearings are used for sintering units, crushers, industrial special equipment and vehicles, etc.
- In the metallurgical industry. Production and processing of metal is impossible without the use of bearings installed in rolling mills, metal-cutting machines, furnace units, hydraulic drives, etc.
- Food industry. Parts are used in dough mixers, pasta production lines, bread slicers, etc.
- In the agricultural sector. Industrial bearings are used in all kinds of combines and other types of agricultural machinery. In addition, devices for milking equipment, slaughterhouses, mills, mowers, as well as units for drying and grinding grain are in great demand.
- In the construction industry. Representatives of the construction industry purchase industrial bearings for use in earthmoving, as well as construction units, concrete mixers, compressors and other types of equipment.
- In the turning industry, industrial bearings are used in friction units of turning, milling and woodworking equipment.
- In the railway industry. In order for the movement of trains to be safe, they must use only high-quality bearings that perform various roles.
Most industrial specialists today rank bearings as almost the most basic element of the friction unit of equipment. This is correct, since the quality of use of these devices plays one of the main roles in the functioning of any node where they are installed.
The main types that are used in mechanical engineering are rolling bearings and plain bearings. This study analyzes the rolling bearing market.
The classification of rolling bearings is carried out on the basis of the following features:
By type of rolling elements:
- ball,
- Roller (with cylindrical rollers, with conical rollers, with barrel-shaped rollers, with twisted rollers, with needle rollers).
According to the type of perceived load:
- Radial (load along the shaft axis is not allowed),
- Radial-thrust, thrust-radial. Perceive loads both along and across the axis of the shaft. Often the load is along the axis in only one direction,
- Thrust (loading across the shaft axis is not allowed).
By the number of rows of rolling elements:
- single row,
- double row,
- Multi-row;
Self-installation options:
- self-aligning,
- Non self-aligning.
According to the material of the rolling elements:
- Completely steel;
- Hybrid (steel rings, non-metallic rolling elements. As a rule, ceramic).
In general, rolling bearings consist of two rings, rolling elements (of various shapes) and a cage (some types of bearings may be without a cage), separating the rolling elements from each other, holding them at an equal distance and directing their movement. On the outer surface of the inner ring and the inner surface of the outer ring (on the end surfaces of the rings of thrust rolling bearings), grooves are made - rolling paths along which the rolling elements roll during operation of the bearing.
In rolling bearings, predominantly rolling friction occurs (there are only small losses due to sliding friction between the cage and the rolling elements), therefore, compared to plain bearings, the energy losses due to friction are reduced, and wear is reduced. Closed rolling bearings (having protective covers) practically do not require maintenance (lubrication changes), open ones are sensitive to the ingress of foreign bodies, which can lead to rapid destruction of the bearing.
The Soviet and Indian marking of bearings consists of a symbol and is standardized in accordance with GOST 3189-89 and the manufacturer's symbol. Types and designs of bearings are standardized in GOST 3395-89.
Consider the features and trends of the Indian market of rolling bearings.
- Dependence of the industry and, in particular, bearing manufacturers on other industries.
The bearing industry is a certain indicator of the development of the entire industry. It completes all industries, from the automotive industry to the defense industry, and directly depends on their development.
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1.2. Dynamics of the market volume of ball and roller bearings 2014-2018 Potential market capacity
Consider the dynamics of the market volume of rolling bearings in India.
Diagram 2. Dynamics of the market volume of ball and roller bearings in 2014 - 2019 (1 pg.), million units
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The following regions are traditionally leaders in revenue: …
1.3. Assessment of factors affecting the market
Macroeconomic factors affect the dynamics of all sectors of the Indian economy, including the bearing market in question. The main groups of factors are: economic, political, social and technological.
Economic
GDP (gross domestic product) is used to determine the rate of economic development of any state. GDP is a macroeconomic indicator that reflects the total value of goods, works and services that were produced and provided in the country in a year. Gross domestic product is the main indicator on the basis of which the level and pace of the country's economic development are determined.
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Index of industrial production - an indicator of the dynamics of the volume of industrial production, its rise or fall, is determined as the ratio of the current volume of production in monetary terms to the volume of industrial production in the previous or other base year. This index characterizes the change in GDP due to the fundamental sectors of the economy: mining, manufacturing, production and distribution of electricity, gas and water.
Diagram 6 shows the dynamics of the IPP.
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Demographic (social)
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Diagram 7. Population dynamics in India, 2010-2019, million people, %
General trends in macroeconomic indicators can also be traced in such a value as real incomes of the population, which determine the level of effective demand.
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technological
Since bearings are products of metallurgical production, the dynamics of the Index also affects the market in question.
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Diagram 10. Index of production of machinery and equipment in India in 2014-2019 (Jan.-July), % to the previous year
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According to the EPK representative, orders for metal are placed with difficulty. Indian bearing steel is different from European. Although bearings all over the world are produced from the same steel grades, there are differences in the quality of steel smelting and physical and chemical parameters. At European enterprises, steel undergoes additional processing and is obtained at the output more “clean” from non-metallic inclusions.
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The bearing market is dependent on scientific developments and their implementation in modern practical production.
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High technical requirements. The need to comply with GOST. A bearing is a technical device that is part of the support of rotating axles and is responsible for maintaining or guiding their movement. Bearings take on the loads applied to the axle or shaft and transfer them to the necessary parts of the mechanisms. Their main task is to hold the shaft in space, as well as to ensure its rotation, rolling or linear movement with minimal energy loss. The quality of the bearings has a significant impact on the performance, efficiency and service life of the mechanism.
Requirements for bearings are determined by the relevant GOSTs individually for each type. However, there are a number of general technical requirements that all devices of this type must meet:
- all parts of the bearing must be strong and rigid;
- the lubricant and the method of its supply must comply with operational requirements;
- the design of the bearing should provide convenient assembly and disassembly of the unit;
- reliability and durability of the unit must correspond to its cost;
- the design must provide the possibility of thermal expansion of the shaft, without disturbing the normal operation of the bearing;
- shaft extension should not be accompanied by the occurrence of additional axial loads;
- Reliable fixation of the position of the shaft in the direction of the axis must be ensured.
In addition to all the above requirements, when designing bearing assemblies, it is necessary to take into account a number of other important factors, such as the purpose of the assembly, general layout and operation conditions (load magnitude, environmental parameters, etc.), as well as technological features of parts processing. These factors are decisive when choosing the dimensions of the bearing, the design of its elements, the method of installation and fastening, the lubricant and the accuracy of the manufacture of parts.
To ensure the normal operation of the bearing unit, it is necessary to solve the whole range of issues that arise during its design. In addition to violations of technical requirements, the failure or incorrect operation of the assembly can be caused by an incorrect choice of the type of bearing or a discrepancy between its characteristics and the basic requirements of the mechanism in which it is used.
There are more than 30 GOSTs for the production of bearings. The main document is GOST 520-2011 Rolling bearings. General specifications.
Political
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The development strategy establishes a mechanism for actions aimed at increasing the guarantee support of states for small and medium-sized businesses and improving business lending conditions, and also defines technologies, target client segments, geographic and industry boundaries, and promising opportunities for the national guarantee system.
Table 3. STEP analysis of factors affecting the ball and roller bearing market
In general, the impact of macro factors on the bearing market can be estimated as …
1.4. Life cycle stage of the ball and roller bearing market
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Bearings as a product from the category of novelties have long moved into the category of standard ones. The range is represented by many brands. At this stage, the role of price competition increases, as the product is offered for sale by many manufacturers and importers.
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1.5. Competition from substitute products
Industrial bearings play a very important role in both domestic and foreign production. Today's industry, which uses the interface of parts and assemblies in machines and assemblies, for many years of work has not been able to replace bearings with other devices, as a result of which they will be used in friction units for a long time. Without bearings, it is impossible to work in any modern production.
Based on modern scientific and technical concepts, regardless of the possible directions of technical progress in mechanical engineering, in the foreseeable future, rotational motion in machines and mechanisms has no alternative, therefore, fundamental structural shifts in the design and production technology of bearings are impossible. In principle, the design of bearings and the technology of their production have not undergone significant changes over the entire past period of development of mechanical engineering.
In some cases, it is possible to replace rolling bearings with plain bearings (bushings). However, both have both advantages and disadvantages.
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Part 2: Competitive Analysis in the Ball and Roller Bearing Market
2.1. Major players in the market
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2.2. Market shares of the largest competitors
Diagram 13. Shares of the largest competitors in the market of ball and roller bearings in 2018, %
The rolling bearing market in India is…
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2.3. Profiles of major players
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Part 3. Analysis of the production of ball and roller bearings
3.1. Volume and dynamics of domestic production of ball and roller bearings
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If we consider only the last 5 years, then the dynamics of the production of ball and roller bearings has a wave-like character.
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3.2. Share of exports in the production of ball and roller bearings
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3.3. Segmentation of the production of ball and roller bearings by region
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3.3.1. Production by Union Territories
Table 6. Dynamics of production of ball and roller bearings in India by union territories in 2014-2018, million units
3.3.2. Production by states of India
Diagram 18. Structure of production by states of India in 2018, %
In real terms, the leader in production is …
Part 4. Analysis of foreign trade supplies of ball and roller bearings
4.1. The volume and dynamics of imports of ball and roller bearings
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Since more than three quarters of the rolling bearing market in India is...
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4.2. Import structure
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The top three countries supplying rolling bearings to India have not changed: …
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4.3. The volume and dynamics of exports of ball and roller bearings
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At the end of 2018, the volume of exports amounted to …
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The balance of exports and imports in the market of rolling bearings in India in the period under review was …
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4.4. Export structure
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In 2018, 72,2% of exports of rolling bearings came from the CIS countries, …
Part 5. Consumption analysis of ball and roller bearings
5.1. Dynamics of consumption of ball and roller bearings
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In general, the dynamics of consumption, with the exception of 2015, is linear.
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5.2. Analysis of the results of tenders for the purchase
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For the period from 01.07.18/13.09.2019/ to / / , about … tenders were announced for the purchase of bearings in the amount of … million Rs. In addition to bearings, the list of products purchased under the tender sometimes includes other types of products (complex purchases).
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Analysis of information on competitive purchases of bearings, available in the public domain, showed that:
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Part 6. Price Analysis
6.1. Average producer prices by union territories
Average producer prices for the Union Territories are calculated based on the data of aggregate shipments by large and medium-sized enterprises of the industry in 2017-1H 2019.
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6.2. Average consumer prices by states in India
If we consider a conditional bearing with an average cost of 1 rupees, then the prices by region will be as follows:
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Such a spread of prices in the regions is due to different reasons for each of them: the level of wages (and, accordingly, the purchasing power of the population), margin levels, the proximity or remoteness of the region from the central part of India, the prices of importers and manufacturers, transport costs, etc.
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Part 7. Assessment of factors of investment attractiveness of the market
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Part 8. Market forecast for ball and roller bearings until 2023
We will analyze the market based on methods based on identifying trends over time, adjusted for expert opinion in the industry.
The further development of the rolling bearing market in India will largely depend on the general economic condition of the state.
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Part 9. Recommendations and conclusions
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Diagrams
Diagram 1. The ratio of imported and domestic products in the market of ball and roller bearings in India in 2014-2019. (1pg.), %
Diagram 2. Dynamics of the market volume of ball and roller bearings in 2014 - 2019 (1 pg.), million units
Diagram 3. Revenue (net) from the sale of ball and roller bearings in the union territories for 2014 - 2018, %
Diagram 4. Dynamics of India's GDP, in 2011-2019 (1pg.), % to the previous year
Diagram 5. Monthly dynamics of the US dollar against the rupee, 2014-2018, Rs. for 1 US dollar
Diagram 6. Dynamics of India's IPP in 2014 - 2019 (Jan.-July), % to the previous year
Diagram 7. Population dynamics in India, 2010-2019, million people, %
Diagram 8. Dynamics of real income of the population of India, 2011 - 2019 (Q1 and Q2), % to the previous year
Diagram 9. Metal ore mining index in India, 2014-2019 (Jan.-July), % to the previous year
Diagram 10. Index of production of machinery and equipment in India in 2014-2019. (Jan.-July), % to the previous year
Diagram 11. Dynamics of the average interest rate on loans, 2014-2019 (January-May), years, %
Figure 12. The life cycle stage of the rolling bearing market
Diagram 13. Shares of the largest competitors in the market of ball and roller bearings in 2018, %
Diagram 14. Dynamics of production volumes of ball and roller bearings in India for 2000 - 2019 (1pg.), million units
Diagram 15. Dynamics of production volumes of ball and roller bearings in India for 2014 - 2019 (1pg.), million units
Diagram 16. Dynamics of the total revenue of the largest manufacturers (TOP-5) of ball and roller bearings in India, 2014-2018, billion Rs.
Diagram 17. The share of exports in production (in physical terms) for 2014 - 2019 (1 pg.), %
Diagram 18. Structure of production by states of India in 2018, %
Diagram 19. The volume and dynamics of imports of ball and roller bearings in physical terms in 2014-2019 (1pg.), million units
Diagram 20. The volume and dynamics of imports of ball and roller bearings in physical terms in 2014-2019 (1pg.), thousand tons
Diagram 21. The volume and dynamics of imports of ball and roller bearings in monetary terms in 2014-2019 (1pg), mln USD
Diagram 22. Export dynamics of ball and roller bearings in physical terms in 2014-2019 (1pg.), million units
Diagram 23. Export dynamics of ball and roller bearings in physical terms in 2014-2019 (1pg.), thousand tons
Diagram 24. Dynamics of exports of ball and roller bearings in monetary terms in 2014-2019 (1H), mln USD
Diagram 25. Balance of exports and imports in 2014-2019 (1pg), mln USD
Diagram 26. Structure of exports by countries in 2018, %
Diagram 27. Dynamics of consumption of ball and roller bearings in monetary terms 2014 - 2018, thousand Rs. / 1 enterprise of the industry ""production of machinery and equipment""
Diagram 28. Forecast of the market size of ball and roller bearings in 2019 - 2023, million units
Tables
Table 1. Average producer prices for certain types of industrial goods in India at the end of the period in 2014-2018, rupees per unit of measurement
Table 2. Weighted average interest rates of credit institutions on credit operations in rupees (% per annum), 2014-2019 (Jan-May)
Table 3. STEP analysis of factors affecting the ball and roller bearing market
Table 4. The main companies participating in the market of ball and roller bearings in 2018
Table 5. Profiles of companies participating in the market of ball and roller bearings in 2018
Table 6. Dynamics of production of ball and roller bearings in India by union territories in 2014-2018, million units
Table 7. Structure of imports of ball and roller bearings by importing countries in 2018, %
Table 8. Tenders for the purchase of bearings announced from 01.07.19/13.09.19/5 to / / . in the amount of more than million Rs.
Table 9. Average producer prices for ball and roller bearings across the Union Territories in 2017-2019 (1pg.), Rs./pc.
Table 10. Average consumer prices for ball and roller bearings by states of India in 2018, Rs./pc.
Table 11. Assessment of factors of investment attractiveness of the market of ball and roller bearings
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